Time-Dependent Exposures and the Fixed-Cohort Bias
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Time-Dependent Exposures and the Fixed-Cohort Bias: Hwang et al. Respond
Passive smoking exposure is a topic of great concern for public health because of its well-known adverse effects on human health (International Agency for Research on Cancer 2004). Two news articles on this topic were published in the February 2011 issue of Environmental Health Perspectives (Burton 2011; Lubick 2011). Lubick (2011) discussed the global health burden of secondhand smoke, and Bur...
متن کاملComparing the cohort design and the nested case–control design in the presence of both time-invariant and time-dependent treatment and competing risks: bias and precision
PURPOSE: Observational studies using electronic administrative healthcare databases are often used to estimate the effects of treatments and exposures. Traditionally, a cohort design has been used to estimate these effects, but increasingly, studies are using a nested case-control (NCC) design. The relative statistical efficiency of these two designs has not been examined in detail. METHODS: We...
متن کاملTHE PERIODIC GREEN VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM WITH CONSIDERING OF TIME-DEPENDENT URBAN TRAFFIC AND TIME WINDOWS
The travel times among demand points are strongly influenced by traffic in a supply chain. Due to this fact, the service times for customers are variable. For this reason, service time is often changes over a time interval in a real environment. In this paper, a time-dependent periodic green vehicle routing problem (VRP) considering the time windows for serving the customers and multiple trip i...
متن کاملEnvironmental exposures and fetal growth: the Haifa pregnancy cohort study
BACKGROUND The developing fetus is susceptible to environmental insults. Studying the effects of environmental exposures on fetal growth is essential for understanding the causal pathway between prenatal exposures and pregnancy outcomes. Here we describe the Haifa Pregnancy Cohort Study (HPCS) and discuss challenges and opportunities in applying "big data" paradigm. METHODS Maccabi Healthcare...
متن کاملthe effects of time planning and task complexity on accuracy of narrative task performance
هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر برنامه ریزی زمانی، هم چنین افزایش میزان پیچیدگی تکالیف در نظر گرفته شده بصورت همزمان، بر دقت و صحت و پیچیدگی عملکرد نوشتاری زبان آموزان می باشد. بدین منظور، 50 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر در رده ی سنی 16 الی 18 سال به عنوان شرکت کنندگان در این زمینه ی تحقیق در نظر گرفته شدند و به دو گروه آزمایشی و کنترل بصورت اتفاقی تقسیم شدند. اعضای گروه آزمایشی هر دو تکلیف ساده و پی...
ذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Health Perspectives
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0091-6765,1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103885